Lesson 8 Hazardous Compounds
Hazardous Compounds
Would you ingest the following substances given their names and SDS information?
| N-phenyl-N-[1- (2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl] propanamide |
3-(1-methyl-2- pyrrolid inylpyridine |
(6aR)-6,6,9-trimethyl-3-pentyl- 6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydrobenzo [c]chromen-1-ol |
|---|---|---|
B8.2 WHMIS exclamation mark pictogram
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B8.3 WHMIS skull and cross bones pictogram
B8.4 WHMIS environmental pictogram
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B8.5 WHMIS skull and cross bones pictogram
B8.6 health hazard WHMIS pictogram
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The hazardous substances identified above are more commonly known as fentanyl, nicotine, and THC (the active ingredient in marijuana), respectively. Given the current opioid crisis, explosive use of e-cigarettes, and the legalization of marijuana, it is best to be knowledgeable about these substances so that you can make informed decisions.
“Opioid crisis” is a term you may have heard in the news. On average, 1.8 people in Alberta die every day from an opioid overdose! Opioids are a class of drugs that act on the nervous system to relieve pain.
They are derived from the opium poppy and can include prescription drugs such as morphine, codeine, oxycodone, and fentanyl. Their medicinal use is to help manage chronic pain.
They are highly addictive, and fentanyl in particular is very strong. It is 100 times more potent than morphine, thus overdosing is easy. Naloxone kits are readily available in Alberta and are used to counteract a fentanyl overdose.
Fentanyl users will experience drowsiness, euphoria, itching, and lethargy. Taking an excess amount of fentanyl can lead to a serious and life-threatening overdose. Signs and symptoms of an overdose can include
In this model, the black spheres represent C atoms, the white spheres represent H atoms, the blue spheres represent N atoms, and the red sphere represents an oxygen atom. The chemical formula of fentanyl is C22H28N2O.
They are derived from the opium poppy and can include prescription drugs such as morphine, codeine, oxycodone, and fentanyl. Their medicinal use is to help manage chronic pain.
They are highly addictive, and fentanyl in particular is very strong. It is 100 times more potent than morphine, thus overdosing is easy. Naloxone kits are readily available in Alberta and are used to counteract a fentanyl overdose.
Fentanyl users will experience drowsiness, euphoria, itching, and lethargy. Taking an excess amount of fentanyl can lead to a serious and life-threatening overdose. Signs and symptoms of an overdose can include
- difficulty swallowing
- extreme fatigue
- dizziness
- fainting
- shallow or difficult breathing/respiratory arrest
- cardiac arrest
In this model, the black spheres represent C atoms, the white spheres represent H atoms, the blue spheres represent N atoms, and the red sphere represents an oxygen atom. The chemical formula of fentanyl is C22H28N2O.
Nicotine is the main active ingredient in cigarettes and electronic cigarettes, also known as e-cigarettes. Although e-cigarettes containing nicotine are not currently legally manufactured, sold, or imported in Canada, they are readily available.
Nicotine is toxic and addictive and has detrimental effects on the developing adolescent brain and on developing fetuses.
Currently there is no provincial legislation in Alberta to restrict e-cigarette use in public, but there are some municipalities and many public buildings that do have bylaws.
In this model, the black spheres represent C atoms, the white spheres represent H atoms, and the blue spheres represent N atoms. The chemical formula of nicotine is C10H14N2.
Nicotine is toxic and addictive and has detrimental effects on the developing adolescent brain and on developing fetuses.
Currently there is no provincial legislation in Alberta to restrict e-cigarette use in public, but there are some municipalities and many public buildings that do have bylaws.
Some people argue that e-cigarettes are safer than regular cigarettes; keep in mind, safer is not the same thing as safe. One of the biggest concerns with vaping is the unknown. Close to 8 000 e-liquid flavours have been reported. The health
effects of heating and inhaling flavourants used in the e-liquids has not been well studied and is unregulated, meaning you do not know what you are inhaling or what the long-term effects will be on your health.
In addition to the health concerns of nicotine and flavourants, several studies have now linked the release of heavy metals from heating coils into the aerosol that is inhaled while vaping. Chronic inhalation of these metals—Pb, Cr, Mn, and Ni—has been linked to lung, liver, cardiovascular, and brain damage and even cancers.
The federal government plans to regulate e-cigarettes, with Bill S-5, to make vaping products less accessible to young people.
In addition to the health concerns of nicotine and flavourants, several studies have now linked the release of heavy metals from heating coils into the aerosol that is inhaled while vaping. Chronic inhalation of these metals—Pb, Cr, Mn, and Ni—has been linked to lung, liver, cardiovascular, and brain damage and even cancers.
The federal government plans to regulate e-cigarettes, with Bill S-5, to make vaping products less accessible to young people.
In this model, the black spheres represent C atoms, the white spheres represent H atoms, and the blue spheres represent N atoms. The chemical formula of nicotine is C10H14N2.
Many people are excited about BILL C-45—the Bill that will legalize marijuana. There will be restrictions on amounts, and there are special provisions for youth (12- to 18-year-olds).
Many people are concerned with the legalization of marijuana because of its effects on young, developing brains, as they are not fully developed until the age of 25. Use of marijuana by youth can have long-term permanent effects.
Exposure to THC (the active ingredient in marijuana) may
Many people are concerned with the legalization of marijuana because of its effects on young, developing brains, as they are not fully developed until the age of 25. Use of marijuana by youth can have long-term permanent effects.
Exposure to THC (the active ingredient in marijuana) may
- slow reaction times
- reduce coordination
- make it harder to learn and remember things
- cause anxiety or panic
- trigger a psychotic episode
- cause lung damage, if it is inhaled
- make you physically dependent or addicted
Using cannabis regularly and continuously over time has also been associated with an increased risk of
- suicide
- depression
- anxiety disorders
- psychosis
- schizophrenia
THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) is the principal psychoactive ingredient in cannabis.
In this model, the black spheres represent C atoms, the white spheres represent H atoms, and the red spheres represent oxygen atoms. It has the chemical formula C21H30O2.
Read This
Please read pages 70 to 74 in your Science 10 textbook. Make sure you take notes on your readings to study from later. You should focus on hazardous compounds and their effect
on individuals and society as a whole. Remember, if you have any questions or you do not understand something, ask your teacher! Practice Questions
Complete the following practice questions to check your understanding of the concept you just learned. Make sure you write complete answers to the practice
questions in your notes. After you have checked your answers, make corrections to your responses (where necessary) to study from.- Select one of the substances—nicotine, fentanyl, or THC (the active ingredient in marijuana)—and discuss what impacts, positive or negative, you think it has had and will have on society. If you wish to discuss an alternate substance, please contact
your teacher first for permission.
Make sure you include
- two impacts (positive or negative) and the reason why you think these impacts will occur
- citations for any sources you use outside of the information provided in the course
This answer is part of your Assignment B2. Remember to cite any resources that you use other than your textbook or the content in this course.
Resource 1
Resource 2
Resource 1
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