Lesson 4: Personality Disorders
Case Study 18: Schizotypal Personality Disorder
Description Faith was a 32 year-old single woman on welfare. She sought treatment because she felt “spacey” and because her feelings of “disconnection” had become stronger and more unpleasant. She stated that she felt as if she were watching herself move through life – that the world seemed unreal and that she felt very disconnected when looking into a mirror. Faith also communicated that she could read other people’s minds. Many of her family, she noted, also had this ability. She believed that she had a special mission in life although she was not able to state what it was. Faith was also self-conscious in public, noting that people often paid special attention to her – sometimes crossing the street to avoid her. Faith complained of being lonely. She had no friends and spent much of her day watching television or daydreaming. Although Faith was not incoherent, she often missed the focal point of conversation and she, in turn, spoke in a vague and abstract manner. She was afraid of people criticizing her and was shy and mistrustful. Although she had held jobs in the past, Faith did not keep them for long because she always lost interest in the work and stopped appearing for work. Faith did not have hallucinations and was never treated for mental illness in her past. |
Diagnosis From her account, it is evident that Faith had a long history of maladaptive behaviour. Her symptoms included - odd perceptual experiences (feeling disconnected and detached, the world appearing unreal. Regarding Faith’s ability to read minds, her “clairvoyance” was not likely a delusion because Faith did not understand nor firmly believe in her power. Also, Faith did not have a history of psychotic episodes so her DSM diagnosis for Axis II is Schizotypal Personality Order, Severe. Follow-Up Faith was given Haldol, an antipsychotic drug. Although the drug did help reduce her feelings of detachment, this form of treatment was discontinued because of adverse side effects. She then began psychotherapy and continued to see her therapist about once or twice per month with no need for hospitalization. |