1. Module 5 Intro

1.21. Page 6

Lesson 3

Module 5—Acids and Bases

Reflect and Connect

 

In this lesson you learned about strong and weak acids and polyprotic acids and bases. Below are two incomplete tables summarizing information presented in this lesson.

 

Examine these tables. Copy these tables into a separate word-processing document. Using a different colour of text, add additional information to each of these tables. Choose information that you think will be helpful in recalling the information presented in this lesson. The information you add may include definitions, clarifying statements including chemical equations, and examples.

 

Place a copy of your final versions of these tables into your course folder.

 

Characteristic

Strong Acid

Weak Acid

Strong Base

Weak Base

Definition

a substance that forms a solution with strong acidic properties

a substance that forms a solution with weak acidic properties

 

Weak acids react incompletely with water (<50%).

a substance that forms a solution with strong basic properties

 

Strong bases are ionic hydroxides.

a substance that forms a solution with weak basic properties

 

Weak bases react partially with water.

Examples

HCl(aq)
H2SO4(aq)
HNO3(aq)

CH3COOH(aq)
H2S(aq)
H3PO4(aq)

NaOH(aq)
KOH(aq)
Ba(OH)2(aq)

CaCO3(aq)
NH3(aq)
Na2SO3(aq)

pH

very low pH

slightly below 7

very high pH

slightly above 7

Conductivity

high

low

high

low

Reaction Rate

fast

slow

fast

slow

 

Characteristic

Monoprotic Acid

Polyprotic Acid

Monoprotic Base

Polyprotic Base

Definition

an acid that possesses only one ionizable proton

an acid with more than one acidic hydrogen available to react with water to produce hydronium ions

a base that can react only once with water to produce hydroxide ions

a base that can react more than once with water to form hydroxide ions

Examples

HCl(aq)
HNO3(aq)
CH3COOH(aq)

 

HOOCCOOH(aq)
H3PO4(aq)
H2S(aq)

NH3(aq)
OCl(aq)
CN(aq)
CH3COO(aq)

 

PO43–(aq)
CO32–(aq)
SO42–(aq)
OOCCOO2–(aq)

Example of Balanced Chemical Equation