Module 5 Intro

Module 5—Acids and Bases

Module Glossary

 

acid-base indicator: a substance that changes colour in solution when the acidity of the solution changes

 

hydronium ion: a hydrated hydrogen ion (proton), H3O+(aq); the entity responsible for the acidic properties in an aqueous solution

 

monoprotic acid: an acid that possesses only one ionizable proton and can react only once with water to produce hydronium ions

 

monoprotic base: a base that can react only once with water to produce hydroxide ions

 

polyprotic acid: an acid with more than one acidic hydrogen available to react with water to produce hydronium ions

 

polyprotic base: a base that can react more than once with water to form hydroxide ions

 

strong acid: a substance that forms a solution with strong acidic properties

 

Strong acids react completely (>99%) with water to form hydronium ions.

 

strong base: a substance that forms a solution with strong basic properties

 

Strong bases are ionic hydroxides that dissociate completely (>99%) to release hydroxide ions.

 

weak acid: a substance that forms a solution with weak acidic properties

 

Weak acids react incompletely with water (<50%) to form relatively few hydronium ions.

 

weak base: a substance that forms a solution with weak basic properties

 

Weak bases react partially with water (<50%) to produce relatively few hydroxide ions.

 

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