Recall from Module 1 that hydrocarbons are grouped into categories based on whether they possess single bonds, multiple bonds or benzene rings.

In contrast, hydrocarbon derivatives are categorized based on their functional group.

A functional group is a characteristic arrangement of atoms or bonds within a molecule that determines the most important chemical and physical properties of that particular family. The functional group refers to the characteristic arrangement of atoms within the molecules.

Refer to the table below for a list of the hydrocarbon derivatives that will be discussed in this lesson.