Lesson 2 — Mendel's Laws and Monohybrid Crosses


Get Focused


Has anyone ever told you that you look just like your mother, your father, or your great uncle Jed? Although how we received many of our physical traits can be complex, a few traits are explained very simply. Hairline, thumb curve, and earlobe attachment are examples of characteristics that each are controlled by one gene with two alleles. Comparing the traits your parents have to those you and your siblings have is a quick way to observe inheritance in action. 

In this lesson, you will learn the patterns of inheritance that Mendel first discovered by studying pea plants. You will become familiar with techniques and conventions used by geneticists to trace the inheritance of traits from one generation to the next.

The following focusing questions are examined in this lesson:

  • What are the simple principles of single trait inheritance?
  • How can genotype be determined from phenotype?



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