Repaso de los verbos regulares (-ar, -er, -ir) en el presente

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This is a good place to review the verbs. Do you remember learning and using the present tense in Spanish 10 and 20? Let's take a look at it again. Remember, the verbs in Spanish have three endings: -ar, -er, and -ir. In this section we will reflect on how to conjugate a regular verb in the present tense.

In the three charts below, you will notice that the verb endings for -ar, -er and -ir verbs are in bold. Next to the verb ending chart is a sample present tense verb. Remember the endings (-ar/-er/-ir) must first be dropped before the new endings can be added.

¡Repasemos! Lanza esta actividad para practicar los verbos regulares en -ar, -er, -ir.

Repaso de los verbos con cambio radical (stem-changing verbs)

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What is a stem-changing verb? First we need to remember what the parts of a verb are called. A good visual image is to picture the verb like a flower. The beginning of the verb is the "stem" and the endings of the verb are the petals of the flower.

Using this visual pattern, let's picture the verb "hablar" as a flower. When you add the appropriate endings to the same stem, you get the correct form of the verb for its subject. yo hablo, ellos hablan.

Los verbos de ZAPATO

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This is just a way to remember where to make spelling changes to stem-changing verbs. Everything inside the boot has the spelling change. Everything outside the boot (nosotros and vosotros) stay the same as the infinitive.

Here is an example of a stem changing verb in the "e" to "ie" category:

Now let's look at the verb empezar in a chart format.

empezar—to begin
yo empiezo	nosotros, nosotras empezamos
tú empiezas	vosotros, vosotras empezáis
él, ella, usted empieza	ellos, ellas, ustedes empiezan

What do you notice about the above verbs? Do you see that:

• the stem changes in every form except for the nosotros and vosotros?

• the endings are the same as any regular verb (ar in this case)?

Look at the chart of verbs. These are all o-ue stem-changing. Not all verbs with an o in their stem are stem-changing. (like correr) You need to memorize the following verbs as being stem-changing. Note: If there is more than one "e" in a verb, the stem-change takes place on the one closest to the ending.

Examples of "o" to "ue" stem-changing verbs
ar verbs	er verbs	ir verbs
almorzar—to each lunch	poder—to be able to	dormir—to sleep
contar—to count, to tell	volver—to return
encontrar—to find, to meet	mover—to move
mostrar—to show
recordar—to remember

Note: The verb jugar is grouped with the o to ue stem-changing verbs although it actually changes from u to ue.

jugar—to play a game or sport
yo juego	nosotros, nosotras jugamos
tú juegas	vosotros, vosotras jugáis
él, ella, usted juega	ellos, ellas, ustedes juegan
Mi amigo Carlos juega bien al básquetbol. Yo juego al fútbol americano.

"e" to "i" stem-changing verbs

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We have one more category of stem-changing verbs, the "e" to "i" stem-changing verbs. Just like the others—the stem changes in every form except for the nosotros and vosotros. Here is an example:

pedir—to ask for
yo pido	nosotros, nosotras pedimos
tú pides	vosotros, vosotras pedís
él, ella, usted pide	ellos, ellas, ustedes piden

"e" to "i" stem-changing verbs
repetir—to repeat	decir—to say, to tell
competir—to compete	elegir—to choose
medir—to measure	reír—to laugh
pedir—to ask for	servir—to serve
conseguir—to get	sonreír—to smile

Note: The conjugation of conseguir, decir and elegir is irregular:

conseguir—to get
yo consigo	nosotros, nosotras conseguimos
tú consigues	vosotros, vosotras conseguís
él, ella, usted consigue	ellos, ellas, ustedes consiguen

decir—to say, to tell
yo digo	nosotros, nosotras decimos
tú dices	vosotros, vosotras decís
él, ella, usted dice	ellos, ellas, ustedes dicen

elegir—to choose
yo elijo	nosotros, nosotras elegimos
tú eliges	vosotros, vosotras elegís
él, ella, usted elige	ellos, ellas, ustedes eligen