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Simple machines can be described as either distance multipliers or force multipliers. You will learn about these in this activity.

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Distance Multipliers

Distance, or speed, multipliers are devices that increase the distance travelled by, or speed of, an object. Although more force than usual is required to move the object in these cases, the extra force is changed into more kinetic energy. Distance multipliers are useful when an object needs to move a farther distance or at a higher speed. Third-class levers and wheels and axles (including pulleys) are examples of distance multipliers. Examples include fishing rods and bicycles.

Force Multipliers

Force multipliers are devices that reduce the amount of force necessary to move an object. Force multipliers are useful for lifting heavy objects or doing other things that require large amounts of force. Most levers and inclined planes (including wedges and screws) are force multipliers. Some examples include pliers, scissors, and wheelchair ramps.

Self-Check

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Try the questions below on your own first and then click on the tab to check your answers!

1. When is it useful to use a distance, or speed, multiplier?

2. When is it useful to use a force multiplier?

Check your answers here!

1. It is useful to use a distance, or speed, multiplier when an object needs to move a farther distance or at a higher speed.

2. It is useful to use a force multiplier when lifting heavy objects or doing other things that require large amounts of force.

Digging Deeper

Click on the Play button to enjoy watching a video in which a student designed a complex machine that includes all six simple machines.