4.2.1 About Contemporary Economics and Globalization

To what extent does globalization lead to sustainable prosperity for all people?


You have considered globalization as the ways in which nations are interconnected. Many definitions of globalization focus on the economic
economics
the system of distribution of goods and services in a given society

The word comes from the Greek word for household management, but it refers to how wealth is generated and distributed within an organization or a country.
interdependence of nations (the ways they are connected in terms of money).

Consider two definitions.

globalization: the trend for people, firms, and governments around the world to become increasingly connected to each other (This can be an opportunity because new markets, goods and services, and jobs become available, but it can be a threat when cheaper products and labour costs compete with more expensive local production.)

globalization: the opening of international borders to flows of free trade, people, investment, technology, culture, and ideas among countries (Opening international borders results in global markets instead of local or national markets. This includes markets for goods, services, labour, and capital.)

Throughout the ages, great thinkers have considered the ways that nations deal with their economies. Some believe that the government of each nation must control its financial system. Others believe that trade between nations should be uncontrolled, or
free trade or trade liberalization
the ability of people to trade with people in other countries without restrictions imposed from governments or other agencies

This can include

  • international trade of goods and services without tariffs
  • free movement of labour between countries
  • free movement of capital between countries
  • the absence of taxes, subsidies, regulations, or laws that give domestic companies advantage over foreign companies
free. These ideas have shaped how nations, corporations, and individuals do business. Their ideas have had a great effect on our wealth, poverty, and freedoms.

What do you think about the economy? Have you thought about it?

Complete the 4.2 Economic Beliefs and Values Survey on the next page.

Euro coins and bills