5.0.1 Introduction to Political Systems 

Does it matter what kind of political system we have?

Over the course of history, societies have developed numerous political systems that reflect the times in which they live and the beliefs and values they hold. In the past and today, leaders hold power for hereditary reasons, or because they are part of an elite group, or because they have military, economic, or religious power. Where does the right to rule come from? Should it come at the end of gun? Should it come through the influence of money or connections?

Most people in the western world have come to believe that the ultimate authority comes from the people—all the people, with equal voice. However, implementing the principles of liberalism in a democracy has challenges.


"Le loup et l'agneau" (The Wolf and the Lamb) by Jean-Baptiste Oudry (1686-1755). Photograph of the painting by Christie's (Auction House), Public Domain

What would happen if animals could vote?

Would our world be a different place? A commonly used phrase from an unverified source states: "Democracy is two wolves and a lamb voting on what to have for lunch." Such a quote encourages citizens not just to vote, but to analyze, assess, and if needed alter the democratic process in a manner that upholds both the rights and freedoms of individuals, and supports effective, and just governance.

When you have the opportunity to vote in a federal or provincial election, will your voice be heard? Will you consider voting a privilege, a responsibility, a necessity or an option? Will you vote?

Additionally, will you monitor and advocate for changes to the system or to the platforms of any party or potential candidate should you believe harm may come from their policies or ideologies or if you believe they do not serve the interests of you or your community?

Moral:

While it might be tempting to neglect your civic responsibilities to be politically active or politically informed, such actions can become very costly when one also chooses not to vote.


Voter apathy, conflicting interests, and the tyranny of the majority are all reflected in this simple design. Are these challenges to democracy? 

 


In this unit, you will explore the practices and challenges of political systems. You will finish the unit with a better sense of political systems around the world today and how well they represent liberal principles through an investigation of the following issue:
To what extent is liberalism viable?


This unit has three sections:

  1. Power and Decision-Making
  2. Challenges for Liberal Democracies
  3. Liberalism and Authoritarian Systems

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