How to Cite References

 

If you conduct any research when you are writing any assignment where you reference another's work, you must cite your references.

Failure to cite your reference can lead to charges of plagiarism, which is a serious academic offense and can result in losing marks and receiving some further disciplinary action. Please see Course Introduction for more information.


The Bibliography(or References) should include all the sources you used to find information for your research. Entries should be arranged alphabetically by authors' surnames and by titles of anonymous works, and they should include full bibliographic details:

  • name(s) of author(s)
  • full title of work
  • place and publisher
  • date of publication
  • for articles - periodical title and inclusive page numbers


Centre the title Bibliography(or References) at the top of a page at the end of the document. Then, follow the appropriate example below for correct formatting of each resource.


Books

    One author

    Ornstein, Robert E. The Psychology of Consciousness. 2nd ed. New York: Harcourt, 1977.


    Two or three authors

      Gesell, Arnold, and Frances L. Ilg. Child Development: An Introduction to the Study of Human Growth. New York: Harper, 1949.


    More than three authors

      Spiller, Robert, et al. Literary History of the United States. New York: Macmillan, 1960.


    Corporate author

      United States Capitol Society. We, the People: The Story of the United Atates Capitol. Washington, DC: National Geographic Soc., 1964.


    One of multiple volume

      Pizer, Donald and Earl N. Harbert, eds. American Realists and Naturalists. Detroit: Gale Research, 1982. Vol. 12 of Dictionary of Literary Biography. 128 vols. to date. 197shy


    One work in an anthology/title within title

      Dimock, George E., Jr. "The Name of Odysseus". Essays on The Odyssey: Selected Modern Criticism. Ed. Charles H. Taylor. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1963. 54-72.


Periodical Articles

    Known volume, issue number and year

      Posen, I. Sheldon, and Joseph Sciorra. "Brooklyn's Dancing Tower". Natural History 92.6(1983): 30-3


    No volume number, no author name

      "The Vietnam War: The Executioner". Newsweek 13 Nov. 1978: 70.


    Newspaper article

      Greeley, Andrew. "Today's Morality Play: The Sitcom". New York Times. 17 May 1987, late ed., sec. 2: 1+.


    Two publications by the same author

      Foulkes, David. "Dreams of Innocence". Psychology Today Dec. 1978: 78-88.

      Foulkes, David. The Psychology of Sleep. New York: Scribner's, 1966.


Internet and CD-ROM Sources

    Part of an Online Book

      Dickinson, Emily. "With Flowers". Poems. 1896. Project Bartleby, Columbia University.6 June 1999 <http://www.columbia.edu./acis/bartelby/dickingson/>.


    CD-ROM version (NB: The end date is from the CD surface, not the journal.)

      O'Shea, Dan. "Fabled Publisher Goes on the Net". Telephone 227.22 (1994):7. Business Periodicals Ondisc. CD-ROM. University Microfilm International. Nov. 1994.

      Schultz, Susan M. "Postmodern Promos". Postmodern Culture. 3.1 (Sept. 1992): Online.


    Article in an Online Journal

Non-Print Sources

    Television program

      "Shakespearean Putdowns". Narr. Robert Siegel and Linda Wertheimer. All Things Considered. Natl. Public Radio. WUWM, Milwaukee. 6 Apr. 1994.

Videotape

      Capra, Frank, dir. It's a Wonderful Life. 1946. Videocassette. Republic, 1988.


    Interview

      Greenhill, H. Gaylon. Personal interview. 19 May 1995.