Module 5
1. Module 5
1.23. Page 4
Module 5—Hydrocarbons and the Petroleum Industry
Read
Oil sand is a mixture of hydrocarbons with a different chemical composition than crude oil. Because of oil sand’s special composition, it must be refined differently than other sources of hydrocarbons, such as crude oil and natural gas.
Read page 396 of the textbook to learn more about how oil sand is refined and about how the hydrocarbons in bitumen undergo so many changes in the refining process that the end result is termed “synthetic crude oil.”
Self-Check
Bitumen extracted from oil sand is a mixture containing a large proportion of aromatic hydrocarbons, whereas crude oils contain a larger proportion of aliphatic hydrocarbons. Both bitumen and crude oil are used to produce naphtha, a mixture of hydrocarbons composed of between five to 12 carbons.
SC 3. Draw chemical structures and provide names for three molecules that could be found in the naphtha fractions from the refining of bitumen and crude oil.
Self-Check Answers
Contact your teacher if your answers vary significantly from the answers provided here.
SC 3.
Sample Solution
Responses may include any aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons of between five to 12 carbons each. Alkanes, alkenes, cycloalkanes, cycloalkenes, and aromatic compounds are all possible answers. To check the accuracy of the chemical structures you have drawn, you may wish to check the chemical structures shown in the textbook.