4 - Tools For Thinking: Language and Symbols

Language and thought are of utmost importance for the high quality of life we experience as human beings. Both language and thought contribute to survival, smooth functioning of interpersonal relationships, and the all-round progress we enjoy.

Language has the power to convey practical information, values, emotions, ideals, noble thoughts, humour, and entertainment. If you have ever watched or participated in a game of charades, you will know the frustration of trying to express a thought without verbal language.

The organization of the language system is very complex. A language system is established by using an arbitrary selection of sounds to indicate meaning. Rigid rules for the sounds and the words must be obeyed because both the listener and speaker must understand and accept the meaning of the terms and definitions if communication is to be effective. If any one of these elements fail, the language system breaks down.

Language employs symbols. A symbol is something used for or regarded as representing something else. It could be an object, a gesture, or a sound. A symbol may be an emblem, token, sign, flag, pin, badge, logo, or a diagram, just to name a few. Symbols enable us to manipulate ideas in the thinking process.

symbols

In summary, what are some of the most significant benefits of language?

• Language enhances our recollection of past experiences. This ability facilitates thinking. It allows us to organize and review information so problems may be easily solved. For example, you say to yourself, “What did I do the last time I had a similar problem?”
• More precise and accurate descriptions of objects and events are possible through language that sharpens our awareness and attention. For example, when you put names to feelings, they become more focused; e.g., nostalgia means thinking of the past with fond memories.
• Language establishes and builds group unity. The uniqueness of the language a group chooses sharpens the feelings of belonging. For example, the drug group utilized special slang terms to identify the “in” group. Drug related terms were frequently changed to keep the group isolated from outsiders as well. Sometimes language can be used in discriminatory ways. How would your group react to someone who joined them and spoke with a heavy foreign accent?
• Language can be used as a means of control through the use of direct requests, orders, and commands. For example, instructions on an exam, verbal commands by a superior, or a TV appeal supporting a worthy cause are all effective in directing our behaviour. Indirect, subtle methods of controlling behaviour through language are also evident. For example, the language of advertising is a fascinating example of this. A popular celebrity uses Brand X and we consider buying it the next time we shop.