3.07 - ¿Qué hacemos hoy? - Estructuras
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3.07 ¿Qué hacemos hoy?
In this lesson, we are going to build on the foundation built in 2 previous lessons. First, we start with commands from 3.05 - you should be comfortable with regular commands in three forms: tú, usted, ustedes. The irregular ones might need some more review and practice - you'll get some here. The second part of this lesson combines the object pronouns, both direct and indirect from 3.06
Nosotros commands
Nosotros commands are used to give a command to a group when the group includes the speaker. In English, we would use "let's" to express this command. "Let's go", "Let's run", or "Let's study tonight".
Do you remember how when we talked about the tú and usted commands, we "flip flopped" vowels for most of our commands? -AR verb commands usually ended in an "e" and -ER/-IR verb commands usually ended in an "a". We will do the same here. Let me show you some examples.
Examples
Look at the table to see how we flip flop the vowels. Select the escucha button to hear the word being spoken.
| Verb | Nosotros form | Nosotros command form |
| estudiar | estudiamos
|
estudiemos
|
| hablar | hablamos
|
hablemos
|
| comer | comemos
|
comamos
|
| escribir | escribimos
|
escribamos
|
| escuchar | escuchamos
|
escuchemos
|
Verbs in action
Click play below to trigger some video showing these command verbs in action!
¿Comprendiste?For each verb, think of what the nosotros command form would be. Mouse over the Respuesta link to check your answer.
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Irregular Nosotros Commands
Now, let's take a look at the Irregular Nosotros Commands.
This is going to build on the irregular commands covered in 3.05 - if you have a good foundation, this will be pan comido.
|
|
Hablar | Hacer |
| Step one: CONJUGATE the verb: (3rd person present) | habla | hace |
| Step two: CHANGE the vowel: | hable | haca |
| Step three: CHECK with the yo form to be sure that the stems match—if they don't, fix them | hablo → hablemos | hago → hagamos |
We’ll use this same trick with the nosotros commands. If there is an irregular spelling change in the yo form of the verb, we’ll keep that spelling change in the nosotros command. Here are a few examples:
| El Verbo | Yo form | Nosotros command |
| tener | tengo
|
tengamos
|
| salir | salgo
|
salgamos
|
| conocer | conozco
|
conozcamos
|
| decir | digo
|
digamos
|
There are a few other irregulars that you'll just need to memorize.
| El Verbo | Nosotros command |
| ir | vayamos
|
| ser | seamos
|
| saber | sepamos
|
¿Comprendiste?For each verb, think of what the nosotros command form would be. Mouse over the Respuesta link to check your answer.
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Object Pronoun Placement
Let's take a look at object pronoun placement. This is another topic you already know a lot about. Do you remember learning the direct and indirect object pronouns? We learned that pronouns can be placed before conjugated verbs, or they can be attached to the infinitives.
Example: Yo doy el libro a mi madre. → Yo se lo doy.
"Doy" is my conjugated verb and I’ve placed my pronouns "se" and "lo" in front of the conjugated verb. Do you remember where the "se" comes from?
Yes, we change "le" or "les" into "se" when they come before "lo, la, los, or las".
Example: Yo quiero dar el libro a mi madre. → Yo quiero dárselo.
"Dar" is an infinitive and I have attached my pronouns "se" and "lo" to the infinitive. I could have placed them in front of "quiero" (a conjugated verb) if I had preferred. Okay so far? Now that we have reviewed what you already knew, we are ready to try something new!
Object Pronouns and Commands
Let's move on to Object Pronouns and Commands. When you are using object pronouns with an affirmative command (any command—tú, usted, ustedes, and nosotros), you will attach them to the end of the command.
Example: Compremos la revista. → Comprémosla.
Example: Escribamos el ensayo. → Escribámoslo.
*Note: You will often need to use an accent mark to maintain the original stress of the verb. If you are stressing the third syllable from the end, add an accent mark on the stressed vowel. If you are using both a direct and an indirect object with your command, the indirect will come first (Remember I DO!)
Example: Compre la revista para mí. → Cómpremela.
When you are using object pronouns with a negative command (tú, usted, ustedes, and nosotros), you will place them before the command.
Example: No compre la revista. → No la compre.
Example: No compre la revista para mí. → No me la compre.
Example: No compremos la revista para ella. → No se la compremos.
Example: No escriba el ensayo. → No lo escriba.