8.01 - ¿Vamos de compras? - Estructuras
Español 30
8.01 ¿Vamos de compras?
Este/esta, ese/esa, y aquel/aquella
As you listen to the conversation between Ernesto and Camila you may notice some references to "este," "ese," and "aquel." These expressions are called Demonstrative Adjectives. Demonstrative Adjectives refer to things or people based on the position and distance between the speaker and the object or person. Let's say you are the speaker. It has to do with whether an item or person is near you (close enough to touch), this, "este" or "esta," or a little farther, that, "ese" or "esa," or even farther, that (over there), "aquel" or "aquella." Demonstrative Adjectives agree in gender and number and are placed before the noun they modify.
Esta manzana es deliciosa.
Esa manzana que tienes es deliciosa.
Quiero aquella manzana que está allá arriba.
| Singular | Plural | Adverbs (pistas) | ||
|
masculine
feminine |
este
esta |
estos
estas |
this/these (close enough to touch or to me) | aquí (here) |
|
masculine
feminine |
ese
esa |
esos
esas |
that/those (close but not enough to touch or to you) | allí (there) |
|
masculine
feminine |
aquel
aquella |
aquellos
aquellas |
that/those (over there, far from you or me) | allá (over there) |
Remember these are placed before the noun they modify and they agree in gender (masculine/feminine) and number (singular/plural).
¿Comprendiste?Llena el blanco con el adjetivo demostrativo que corresponde al sustantivo que modifica. Haz clic en respuesta para chequear.
|
Demonstrative Adjectives as Pronouns
When Demonstrative Adjectives are not followed by a noun, they become pronouns. To differentiate which are the pronouns and which are the adjectives a written accent mark is added to the pronouns.
| Singular |
Plural |
||
|
masculine
|
éste
|
éstos
|
this one/these ones (close enough to touch or to me)
|
|
feminine
|
ésta
|
éstas
|
this one/these ones (close enough to touch or to me)
|
|
masculine
|
ése
|
ésos
|
that one/those ones (close but not enough to touch or to you)
|
|
feminine
|
ésa
|
ésas
|
that one/those ones (close but not enough to touch or to you)
|
|
masculine
|
aquél
|
aquéllos
|
that one/those ones (over there, far from you or me)
|
|
feminine
|
aquélla
|
aquéllas
|
that one/those ones (over there, far from you or me)
|
¿Ves a esa muchacha alta y bonita? No sé, ¿cuál? ¿Ésa o aquélla?
The Neutral Demonstrative Pronouns
In Spanish there are also neutral Demonstrative Pronouns that refer to an idea, an action, a concept, or an unspecified object. They doe not have an accent mark and they do not change to reflect the gender or number. They are often used to ask for a definition of something.