Unit Three Summary



Unit Three explores the evolution or gradual change of classical liberalism into modern liberalism.

During this time of great political, economic, and social change, the freedoms that were obtained by the upper and middle classes under classical liberalism were extended to all adults. When the self-interest and economic freedom of classical liberalism were coupled with democratic demands for greater protection for the average person, a new ideology resulted.


What historical events shaped modern liberalism? What new ideologies resulted from the challenges of classical liberalism? What people influenced modern liberalism? What social structures changed?
  • The Industrial Revolution
  • The Growth of Democracy
  • The Great Depression
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  • Marxism
  • Communism
  • Democratic Socialism
  • Classical Conservatism
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  • Robert Owen
  • Karl Marx
  • Edmund Burke
  • John Maynard Keynes
  • Franklin Delano Roosevelt
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  • Rights for women
  • Rights for working people
  • Rights for children
  • Equal human rights for all people
  • A greater role for government, including a greater role in the economy
    •

In the next unit, you will investigate resistance to liberalism in the forms of communism and fascism and other conflicts.

Although classical liberalism brought many positive changes, it also presented challenges that resulted in changes to liberalism. With the extension of voting rights and human rights for all, a greater role for government, and a greater focus on collective interest, the ideological perspective of many ran counter to liberal principles.

Many did not agree that modern liberalism in any form would ever be the best ideology, no matter how many changes were made. They called for total rejection of liberalism and the implementation of new political and economic systems.



In the following unit, you will study communism, fascism, and other conflicts in the twentieth century as you explore the following issue question:

  • To what extent is resistance to liberalism justified?


Review your notes for this course.

When you have finished reviewing your notes, complete the Unit Review for Unit Three. When you have completed the multiple choice review, take a look at the feedback provided. If you so choose, after waiting 30 minutes, you may complete the quiz again, keeping in mind that the questions and the order of the possible answers are randomly generated. The second version of the review will be different from the first.



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