B. Arithmetic Series

From Lesson 1.1, you know that an arithmetic sequence is a sequence whose consecutive terms have a common difference . This definition is still valid when applied to an arithmetic series. The change is that a series refers to the terms in a sequence being added together. In other words, an arithmetic series is the sum of the terms in an arithmetic sequence .

As shown in Section A, Gauss found the formula for the sum of an arithmetic series to be
\[
S_n = \frac{n}{2}\left[ {2t_1 + (n - 1)d} \right]
\]


Take a closer look at this formula. Rewriting it, you can separate out \(t_1 \) and \(t_n \) to get a different variation of the formula.
\[
\begin{align}
 S_n &= \frac{n}{2}\left[ {2t_1 + \left( {n - 1} \right)d} \right] \\
 S_n &= \frac{n}{2}\left[ {t_1 + \left[ {t_1 + (n - 1)d} \right]} \right] \\
 \end{align}
\]

Since \(t_n = t_1  + \left( {n - 1} \right)d \)

It follows that \(S_n = \frac{n}{2}\left( {t_1 + t_n } \right)\)

The formula you use will depend on the information that is provided in the problem.